X-Git-Url: https://git.adam-barratt.org.uk/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=input%2Fhowto%2Finstall-kvm.creole;h=0286f1e82bfe2ad67c682a2bd49a35e26b4e5fed;hb=4748598a49ca95a8569fb7638db087e00821ddeb;hp=e648ec7e412bdec8c75728b4dade4be8ea9ce968;hpb=dc08619130a77a1f557f907d768a4d7e626ecd55;p=mirror%2Fdsa-wiki.git

diff --git a/input/howto/install-kvm.creole b/input/howto/install-kvm.creole
index e648ec7..0286f1e 100644
--- a/input/howto/install-kvm.creole
+++ b/input/howto/install-kvm.creole
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 == Setup a new kvm domain fast ==
 
+=== guest setup ===
+
+or: how to install Debian.
+
 Define a shell function
 
 {{{
@@ -7,11 +11,43 @@ Define a shell function
 setup_env() {
  echo -n "New hostname: " &&
  export LC_ALL=C &&
- read host &&
- target=/mnt/target &&
+ read guest &&
+ target="/mnt/target-$guest" &&
  mirror=`cat /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list 2>/dev/null | awk '/^deb.*debian/ {print $2; exit}'` &&
- vg=`vgdisplay -c | awk -F: '{print $1;exit}' | sed 's/ *//g'` &&
- echo "Chosen vg is $vg" &&
+ vgdefault=`vgdisplay -c | awk -F: '{print $1;exit}' | sed 's/ *//g'` &&
+ echo -n "Volume group? [$vgdefault]: " &&
+ read vg &&
+ if [ "$vg" = "" ]; then vg="$vgdefault"; fi &&
+ echo -n "Use lvm for non-swap partitions? [Y/n] " &&
+ read use_lvm &&
+ if [ "$use_lvm" = "n" ]; then
+   : SAN, as in the msa2012i at ubcece &&
+   : requires that it is already setup &&
+   dev_root="/dev/mapper/$guest-root" &&
+   dev_boot="/dev/mapper/$guest-boot" &&
+   echo "Root device will be $dev_root" &&
+   echo "Boot device will be $dev_boot" &&
+   echo "Make sure they exist already." &&
+   fs=xfs
+ else
+   use_lvm="y" &&
+   dev_root="/dev/mapper/$vg-$guest--root" &&
+   dev_boot="/dev/mapper/$vg-$guest--boot" &&
+   echo "Root device will be $dev_root" &&
+   echo "Boot device will be $dev_boot" &&
+   fs=ext4
+ fi &&
+ if [ "$vg" != "" ]; then
+   dev_swap="/dev/mapper/$vg-$guest--swap"
+ elif [ -d /SWAPFILES ]; then
+   dev_swap=/SWAPFILES/$guest-swap
+ else
+   echo "No idea how to do swap" && false
+ fi &&
+ echo -n "Use a /boot filesystem (strongly recommended)? [Y/n] " &&
+ read use_boot &&
+ echo "Swap device will be $dev_swap" &&
+ echo "fs is $fs"
  echo "Chosen mirror is $mirror"
 }
 }}}
@@ -24,28 +60,46 @@ setup_env
 
 Then install base:
 
+The way we lay out the filesystems by default is that we have one 4g /
+filesystem, a swap, and a tiny boot filesystem.  On the host we make
+a new LVM logical volume for each of the three.  Only the LV that will
+take the guest's boot will actually be partitioned - into a single boot
+partition.  That's so we can install grub into the MBR and have the system
+start just like a real system.  Root and swap are put directly onto the
+logical volume, without partitioning it at all.  This makes getting to the
+data from the host easier - no need to run kpartx - and it makes growing
+trivial.
+
 {{{
 #######
 # install base
 
- apt-get install debootstrap kpartx &&
- lvcreate -L 128m -n "$host"-boot /dev/"$vg" &&
- lvcreate -L 4g -n "$host"-root /dev/"$vg" &&
- lvcreate -L 4g -n "$host"-swap /dev/"$vg" &&
+ apt-get install debootstrap debian-archive-keyring kpartx &&
+ if [ "$use_lvm" = "y" ]; then
+   if [ "$use_boot" != "n" ] ; then
+     lvcreate -L 128m -n "$guest"-boot /dev/"$vg"
+   fi &&
+   lvcreate -L 4g -n "$guest"-root /dev/"$vg"
+ fi &&
+ lvcreate -L 4g -n "$guest"-swap /dev/"$vg" &&
  : &&
- ( echo ',,L,*' | sfdisk /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-boot ) &&
- kpartx -v -a /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-boot &&
- mkfs.ext3 /dev/mapper/"$vg"-"$host"--boot1 &&
- mkfs.ext3 /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-root &&
- mkswap /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-swap &&
+ if [ "$use_boot" != "n" ] ; then
+   ( echo ',,L,*' | sfdisk -D "$dev_boot" ) &&
+   kpartx -v -a "$dev_boot" &&
+   mkfs."$fs" "$dev_boot"1
+ fi &&
+ mkfs."$fs" "$dev_root" &&
+ mkswap "$dev_swap" &&
  : &&
  mkdir -p "$target" &&
- mount /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-root "$target" &&
- mkdir -p "$target/boot" &&
- mount /dev/mapper/"$vg"-"$host"--boot1 "$target/boot" &&
+ mount "$dev_root" "$target" &&
+ if [ "$use_boot" != "n" ] ; then
+   mkdir -p "$target/boot" &&
+   mount "$dev_boot"1 "$target/boot"
+ fi &&
 
  cd "$target" &&
- debootstrap --variant=minbase lenny . "$mirror"
+ debootstrap --variant=minbase --keyring=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg stable . "$mirror"
 }}}
 
 And finalize the setup:
@@ -53,7 +107,7 @@ And finalize the setup:
 {{{
 #######
 # finish setup
- echo "$host" > etc/hostname &&
+ echo "$guest" > etc/hostname &&
  cat > etc/hosts << EOF &&
 127.0.0.1       localhost
 
@@ -68,56 +122,61 @@ EOF
  rm -fv etc/apt/sources.list &&
  ( ! [ -e /etc/apt/sources.list ] || cp /etc/apt/sources.list etc/apt/sources.list)
  (cp -v /etc/apt/sources.list.d/* etc/apt/sources.list.d/ || true ) &&
- cp -v /etc/apt/preferences etc/apt/ &&
+ ( ! [ -e /etc/apt/preferences ] || cp -v /etc/apt/preferences etc/apt/ ) &&
  apt-key exportall | chroot . apt-key add - &&
  chroot . apt-get update &&
  echo "Apt::Install-Recommends 0;" > etc/apt/apt.conf.d/local-recommends &&
- chroot . apt-get install net-tools iproute ifupdown dialog vim netbase &&
- #chroot . apt-get remove --purge cpp dpkg-dev g++ gcc gcc-4.2-base libatm1 libdevmapper1.02.1 libgpm2 libc6-dev linux-libc-dev libstdc++6-4.3-dev binutils cpp-4.3 gcc-4.3 gettext-base libgmp3c2 libgomp1 libmpfr1ldbl libtimedate-perl
- # don't - it may start daemons
- #chroot . apt-get dist-upgrade
- chroot . apt-get install grub &&
- cp -av usr/lib/grub/x86_64-pc boot/grub &&
- grub << EOF &&
-device (hd0) /dev/mapper/$vg-$host--boot
-root (hd0,0)
-setup (hd0)
-quit
+ chroot . apt-get install -y net-tools iproute ifupdown dialog vim netbase xfsprogs &&
+ cp -av `readlink -f $dev_root` dev/`basename $dev_root` &&
+ DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive chroot . apt-get install -y grub2 &&
+  cat > etc/kernel-img.conf << EOF &&
+do_symlinks = no
+do_initrd = yes
 EOF
- # install a kernel image
- echo -e "do_symlinks = yes\nlink_in_boot = yes\ndo_initrd = yes" > etc/kernel-img.conf &&
- chroot . apt-get install linux-image-2.6-amd64
-
+  if [ "$use_boot" != "n" ] ; then
+    cp -av `readlink -f $dev_boot` dev/`basename $dev_boot` &&
+    cp -av `readlink -f $dev_boot""1` dev/`basename $dev_boot`1 &&
+    chroot . grub-install --modules=part_msdos /dev/`basename $dev_boot` &&
+    # install a kernel image
+    chroot . apt-get install -y linux-image-2.6-amd64 &&
+    sed -i -e 's/^#GRUB_TERMINAL=console/GRUB_TERMINAL=console/' etc/default/grub &&
+    echo "(hd0) /dev/`basename $dev_boot`" > boot/grub/device.map &&
+    chroot . update-grub &&
+    sed -i -e "s#dev/`basename $dev_boot`1#dev/hda1#g" boot/grub/grub.cfg &&
+    rm -v dev/"`basename $dev_boot`" dev/"`basename $dev_boot`1"
+  else
+    echo && echo && echo && echo "Hardly tested, expect this to fail." && echo && echo && echo &&
+    echo "(hd0) /dev/`basename $dev_root`" > boot/grub/device.map &&
+    chroot . grub-install /dev/"`basename $dev_root`" &&
+    # install a kernel image
+    chroot . apt-get install -y linux-image-2.6-amd64 &&
+    sed -i -e 's/^#GRUB_TERMINAL=console/GRUB_TERMINAL=console/' etc/default/grub &&
+    chroot . update-grub
+  fi &&
+  sed -i -e "s#dev/`basename $dev_root`#dev/vda#g" boot/grub/grub.cfg &&
+  rm -v boot/grub/device.map &&
+  rm -v dev/"`basename $dev_root`"
 }}}
 
 And a fstab and a boot loader config
 
 {{{
  # doesn't work: chroot . update-grub
- rootuuid=`vol_id /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-root "$target" | awk -F= '$1=="ID_FS_UUID" {print $2}'` &&
- swapuuid=`vol_id /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-swap "$target" | awk -F= '$1=="ID_FS_UUID" {print $2}'` &&
- bootuuid=`vol_id /dev/mapper/"$vg"-"$host"--boot1  | awk -F= '$1=="ID_FS_UUID" {print $2}'` &&
- cat > boot/grub/menu.lst << EOF &&
-default 0
-timeout 5
-color cyan/blue white/blue
-
-### BEGIN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
-# kopt=root=UUID=$rootuuid ro
-
-## ## End Default Options ##
-title Debian
-root (hd0,0)
-kernel /vmlinuz root=UUID=$rootuuid ro
-initrd /initrd.img
-
-### END DEBIAN AUTOMAGIC KERNELS LIST
-EOF
+ rootuuid=`blkid -s UUID -o value "$dev_root"` &&
+ swapuuid=`blkid -s UUID -o value "$dev_swap"` &&
+ if [ "$fs" = "ext4" ]; then
+   rootopts="errors=remount-ro"
+ else
+   rootopts="defaults"
+ fi
  cat > etc/fstab << EOF &&
-UUID=$rootuuid    /               ext3    errors=remount-ro 0       1
-UUID=$bootuuid    /boot           ext3    defaults        0       2
+UUID=$rootuuid    /               $fs    $rootopts 0       1
 UUID=$swapuuid    none            swap    sw              0       0
 EOF
+ if [ "$use_boot" != "n" ] ; then
+    bootuuid=`blkid -s UUID -o value "$dev_boot"1` &&
+    echo "UUID=$bootuuid    /boot           $fs    defaults        0       2" >> etc/fstab
+ fi
  cat > etc/network/interfaces << EOF
 auto lo
 iface lo inet loopback
@@ -135,24 +194,70 @@ Maybe fix/setup networking properly:
 vi etc/network/interfaces
 }}}
 
+And set a password:
+{{{
+chroot . passwd
+}}}
+
+Set a nameserver config that works once the VM has booted. Later in the process we will install unbound anyway.
+{{{
+cat > etc/resolv.conf << EOF
+nameserver 8.8.8.8
+search debian.org
+EOF
+}}}
+
 And unmount:
 
 {{{
   cd / &&
- umount "$target"/boot &&
+ if [ "$use_boot" != "n" ] ; then
+   umount "$target"/boot &&
+   kpartx -v -d "$dev_boot"
+ fi &&
  umount "$target" &&
- kpartx -v -d /dev/"$vg"/"$host"-boot &&
  rmdir "$target"
 }}}
 
-Setup a new kvm domain by creating a new file in /etc/dm-virt/`hostname/$host.xml.
+=== virsh setup ===
+
+Setup a new kvm domain by creating a new file in /etc/dsa-kvm/`hostname/$guest.xml.
 
 * Properly configure hostname
 * Pick a new uuid ({{{uuidgen}}})
 * Setup block devices properly
 * pick a new and unique mac address (on d.o every kvm host has their own mac address space and the last block is changed for the guests, as in {{{..:..:..:..:<host byte>:<guest byte>}}}. )
 * virsh commands:
+** {{{virsh help}}}
 ** {{{virsh define foo.xml}}}
 ** {{{virsh start foo}}}
 ** {{{virsh destroy foo}}}
 ** {{{virsh vncdisplay foo}}} (and ssh -L 5900:localhost:<5900+x> $host  and  vnc localhost)
+
+=== post processing ===
+
+Do not forget to set a sane root password before installing ssh in the new kvm domain.
+
+=== when stuff goes wrong ===
+
+To get to the guest data from the host:
+
+{{{
+  setup_env
+ kpartx -v -a "$dev_boot" &&
+ mkdir -p "$target" &&
+ mount "$dev_root" "$target" &&
+ mkdir -p "$target/boot" &&
+ mount "$dev_boot"1 "$target/boot"
+}}}
+
+and once you're done:
+{{{
+ cd / &&
+ umount "$target"/boot &&
+ umount "$target" &&
+ kpartx -v -d "$dev_boot" &&
+ rmdir "$target"
+}}}
+
+Make sure that the filesystem isn't being mounted twice - i.e. never start the guest while the filesystems are mounted, and never mount them while the guest is running.